{"id":17991,"date":"2019-07-17T01:34:54","date_gmt":"2019-07-16T17:34:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp-productionenv-bjg9h2g2bgg5b8aa.southeastasia-01.azurewebsites.net\/news\/50-years-after-apollo-11-unsung-heroes-of-mission-control-ponder-past-and-future-of-the-final-frontier\/"},"modified":"2019-07-17T01:34:54","modified_gmt":"2019-07-16T17:34:54","slug":"50-years-after-apollo-11-unsung-heroes-of-mission-control-ponder-past-and-future-of-the-final-frontier","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/news\/50-years-after-apollo-11-unsung-heroes-of-mission-control-ponder-past-and-future-of-the-final-frontier\/","title":{"rendered":"50 years after Apollo 11, unsung heroes of Mission Control ponder past and future of the final frontier"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_507854\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-507854\" style=\"width: 630px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-507854 size-full-width\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.geekwire.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/190628-griffin-windler-1969-630x413.jpg\" alt=\"Flight directors at Mission Control in 1969\" width=\"630\" height=\"413\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.geekwire.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/190628-griffin-windler-1969-630x413.jpg 630w, https:\/\/cdn.geekwire.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/190628-griffin-windler-1969-768x504.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cdn.geekwire.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/190628-griffin-windler-1969.jpg 1041w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 630px) 100vw, 630px\"><figcaption data-nosnippet=\"\" id=\"caption-attachment-507854\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Flight directors are on duty at NASA\u2019s Mission Control Center during the Apollo 10 mission in May 1969. Gerry Griffin is seated in the foreground, Glynn Lunney is seated to his right, and Milt Windler is standing behind them. Chris Kraft, director of flight operations, is standing in the background. (NASA Photo)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><em><strong>[Editor\u2019s Note:<\/strong> This episode of the GeekWire Podcast is part of the Destination Moon podcrawl, organized by Seattle\u2019s Museum of Flight. Look for other episodes about the Apollo 11 50th Anniversary in the coming days from other participating podcasts: Flight Deck from the Museum of Flight; Sound Effect from KNKX Radio; The Truth from Radiotopia; and Stuff You Missed in History Class.]<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Fifty years ago, it took a special kind of person to work in NASA\u2019s Apollo Mission Control: Take Gerry Griffin and Milt Windler, for example.<\/p>\n<p>Both men got their degrees in aeronautical engineering and became jet fighter pilots \u2014 but when NASA needed flight controllers for the space race against the Soviets, they answered the call and traded their cockpits for control panels. Both were elevated to flight director roles in the wake of the Apollo 1 fire, which killed three astronauts in 1967. There was one key requirement for the job: winning the approval of Chris Kraft, director of flight operations at Mission Control in Houston.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cChris Kraft decided he needed more flight directors to make it to Apollo, and in those days, if Chris wanted you to be a flight director, you were a flight director,\u201d Griffin said during a recent stopover at Seattle\u2019s Museum of Flight. \u201cNowadays you have to go through a certification process. \u2026\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe probably wouldn\u2019t have made the cut,\u201d Windler joked.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Apollo 11 and the Future of the Final Frontier\" src=\"https:\/\/omny.fm\/shows\/geekwire-podcast\/apollo-11-and-the-future-of-the-final-frontier\/embed\" width=\"600\" height=\"180\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>For the Apollo 11 mission in July 1969, Griffin headed the Gold team for Apollo 11 at NASA\u2019s Manned Spaceflight Center, now known as Johnson Space Center. Windler was in charge of the Maroon team, which focused on mission planning. Windler recalled that he didn\u2019t have much time to savor the triumph of humanity\u2019s first landing on the moon.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAt the time, we were thinking about 12, or 13. \u2026 The most important mission that we\u2019re doing is the next one,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n<p>Griffin compared the job to being a symphony conductor, with one big difference: The performance of the team could make the difference between life and death for the astronauts up above.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe DNA of the people inside Mission Control was, they liked that challenge,\u201d Griffin said. \u201cThey liked being decisive. You couldn\u2019t say, \u2018Well, I don\u2019t know, it could be this.\u2019 You had to make a decision. It\u2019s the way we were wired.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Windler agreed. \u201cIt doesn\u2019t do you any good to have the answer tomorrow if you need it today,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_507855\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-507855\" style=\"width: 630px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-507855 size-full-width\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.geekwire.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/190628-windler-griffin-630x459.jpg\" alt=\"Milt Windler and Gerry Griffin\" width=\"630\" height=\"459\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.geekwire.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/190628-windler-griffin-630x459.jpg 630w, https:\/\/cdn.geekwire.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/190628-windler-griffin-768x559.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cdn.geekwire.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/190628-windler-griffin-1260x918.jpg 1260w, https:\/\/cdn.geekwire.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/190628-windler-griffin.jpg 1855w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 630px) 100vw, 630px\"><figcaption data-nosnippet=\"\" id=\"caption-attachment-507855\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Retired flight directors Milt Windler and Gerry Griffin share stories at the Museum of Flight in Seattle. (GeekWire Photo \/ Alan Boyle)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>That attitude extended to the rest of the Mission Control team \u2014 including the only woman in the room when big decisions were being made.<\/p>\n<p>Poppy Northcutt was trained as a mathematician and worked for TRW, a NASA contractor, as a \u201ccomputress\u201d in the early days of the space effort. She was soon promoted to an engineering post on Mission Control\u2019s planning and analysis team.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI think everybody that worked on the program was acutely aware that this was very much a national priority, and national prestige was on the line,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n<p>Northcutt took part in planning the trajectory for the Apollo 8 crew\u2019s return after a round-the-moon mission in 1968, and helped calculate the maneuvers needed to save Apollo 13\u2019s crew in 1970 after their craft was crippled by an oxygen-tank explosion. She and the rest of the Apollo Mission Operations Team won the Presidential Medal of Freedom for their role in the rescue.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_507852\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-507852\" style=\"width: 630px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full-width wp-image-507852\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.geekwire.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/190628-northcutt-mission-630x483.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"630\" height=\"483\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.geekwire.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/190628-northcutt-mission-630x483.jpg 630w, https:\/\/cdn.geekwire.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/190628-northcutt-mission-768x589.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cdn.geekwire.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/190628-northcutt-mission-1260x966.jpg 1260w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 630px) 100vw, 630px\"><figcaption data-nosnippet=\"\" id=\"caption-attachment-507852\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Poppy Northcutt was the only woman at NASA Mission Control during the Apollo flights. (TRW \/ PhotoQuest \/ Getty Images via National Geographic)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Back in the \u201960s, Northcutt was in the news due to her status as the sole woman in Mission Control. (Another woman engineer, JoAnn Morgan, held a similar status in the Apollo-era firing room at Kennedy Space Center in Florida.) After Apollo, Northcutt traded in her space celebrity and became an attorney specializing in women\u2019s rights. But now she\u2019s back in the spotlight, showing up in TV documentaries such as National Geographic\u2019s \u201cApollo: Missions to the Moon\u201d and PBS\u2019 \u201cChasing the Moon.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Northcutt said she hopes people who see movies and TV shows about the Apollo program \u201cwill really appreciate the degree of teamwork that was involved and the degree of commitment that was involved.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Ideally, viewers will feel \u201cthe kind of pride that not just Americans felt at the time but I think people all around the planet felt: that we had made a human achievement, not just an American achievement \u2014 and recognize that we can really do great things if we make the commitment and work as a team.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe can make great things,\u201d she said. \u201cWe can solve great problems.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Northcutt said she was surprised by Apollo\u2019s enduring appeal.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt\u2019s really been sort of a shock to see how much attention this 50th anniversary is going to get,\u201d Northcutt said. \u201cBut it was an incredibly significant event. I think it was the technical high point, certainly of the 20th century, and I don\u2019t think it\u2019s been surpassed to date.\u201d<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_507850\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-507850\" style=\"width: 630px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full-width wp-image-507850\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.geekwire.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/190628-northcutt-630x467.jpg\" alt=\"Poppy Northcutt\" width=\"630\" height=\"467\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.geekwire.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/190628-northcutt-630x467.jpg 630w, https:\/\/cdn.geekwire.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/190628-northcutt-768x570.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cdn.geekwire.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/190628-northcutt-1260x935.jpg 1260w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 630px) 100vw, 630px\"><figcaption data-nosnippet=\"\" id=\"caption-attachment-507850\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Poppy Northcutt went from being a \u201ccomputress\u201d to a flight controller to a Texas attorney specializing in women\u2019s rights. (Photo courtesy of National Geographic)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>We recently spoke with Griffin, Windler and Northcutt about the past and the future of America\u2019s space effort for a special Apollo anniversary edition of the GeekWire Podcast. Listen to the audio above, and continue reading for edited highlights from their comments.<\/p>\n<h4>Importance of the Apollo missions<\/h4>\n<p><strong>Northcutt:<\/strong> \u201cWell, it definitely wasn\u2019t just a job. I think everybody that worked on the program was acutely aware that this was very much a national priority and national prestige was on the line and that this was a really singular event. Technologically, to be able to go to the moon, that was something that was a matter of science fiction for decades. I suspect that people going back centuries have looked up at the moon and thought about going there. So yeah, I think everybody that was associated knew that it was a really singular and important event.\u201d<\/p>\n<h4>Do the movies get it right?<\/h4>\n<p><strong>Windler:<\/strong> \u201cPeople building the movies, they do a pretty good job of that. Of course they all have different aspects maybe they\u2019re looking at, but they do a pretty good job, the ones I\u2019ve seen. We talked a little bit about some of the things in the Apollo 13 movie, for example, and they did dramatize a little bit of it, but that\u2019s to be expected. But the basic story was good.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>Griffin:<\/strong> \u201cNot everybody gets it exactly right, but the fact that they\u2019re talking about it is probably as important as anything, 50 years later. And it\u2019s good that a few of us are still around to be able to straighten out some of it, if asked. But I think most of the stuff I\u2019ve seen has been pretty good. Fifty years ago, none of us ever saw this coming, that there would be this kind of interest. I really think it must have hit a tone somewhere that this happened 50 years ago and we\u2019d better not let it go. This is a good occasion to bring it to the forefront again.\u201d<\/p>\n<h4>Diversity in the space program<\/h4>\n<p><strong>Northcutt:<\/strong> \u201cWhen people look at the rooms back then and they see basically a whole bunch of nerdy-looking white guys wearing white shirts and black ties \u2014 IBM uniforms, so to speak \u2014 that\u2019s sort of jarring, I think, in today\u2019s culture that there are no black people, there are no Hispanic people. It\u2019s just jarring to people.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"50 years ago, Apollo 11 began its voyage into American history\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/zYnF31el-ik?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen=\"\" data-ratio=\"0.5625\" data-width=\"800\" data-height=\"450\" style=\"display: block; margin: 0px; width: 800px; height: 450px;\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h4>Future of American space exploration<\/h4>\n<p><strong>Northcutt:<\/strong>&nbsp; \u201cI certainly hope that we will go back to the moon and go further still. Go on to Mars and do further exploration. I found it very disappointing that, back 50 years ago, right after Apollo 11, they started immediately cutting back on the program. To me, that was really wasteful and very short-sighted because to do something like going to the moon, your efforts, your technological development is very front-end-loaded. It\u2019s sort of crazy that you spend all this money on the front end to get there and then you don\u2019t fly out your advanced missions because we never really got into high-inclination missions, any of those really advanced missions at all.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"icon-quotes-left\"><\/span>&nbsp;It was very disappointing to me that we did not continue on at the time, so I\u2019m pleased that people are talking about going back.<span class=\"icon-quotes-right\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u201cI had even worked on some of those, some of the early mission planning for those, even a little bit of Mars work. It was very disappointing to me that we did not continue on at the time, so I\u2019m pleased that people are talking about going back. I\u2019m not celebrating quite yet though because if you\u2019re going to do something like this, you have to put the money out to do it and you have to have real commitment to do it, focus and commitment, and I don\u2019t see the money, so until I see the money, I don\u2019t think people are serious.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>Windler:<\/strong> \u201cI would have guessed that we would be a lot further along than we are now. \u2026 If you\u2019ve got the resources and the will and all these other things come together you can make it happen. That\u2019s what happened in Apollo 11. But you have to have all of those. And right now I don\u2019t see that actually happening, but maybe it\u2019ll be better.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>Griffin:<\/strong> \u201cI think the moon is the right place to go first. It\u2019s been 50 years since we\u2019ve been that far. And it\u2019s different than operating in Earth orbit, it\u2019s totally different, and it has a different feel to it. The communication is just not as simple. So I really hope we go to the moon first, and that\u2019s the current plan, and then on to Mars. And those two are still baby steps. I think one day we got to go farther than that because we\u2019re going to use this planet up. It may be 1,000 years from now, it may be 10,000, who knows. But we better learn how to travel at space and if the species is going to survive, I think we may have to move off this one.\u201d<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Advice for future mission leaders<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p><strong>Griffin:<\/strong> \u201cStay prepared and have fun with it. It is a fascinating business. When you get to a point like a flight director or somebody in charge of an operation, you\u2019ve got a tremendous responsibility on your hands for one thing, in particular, when you put humans on board, it\u2019s slightly different than when you\u2019re launching a robot to Mars or something. But the basic skills are the same. You\u2019ve got to think a little differently. And I think robotic spacecraft has a purpose, and a good purpose, and could be precursors to everything else we do. But ultimately, it\u2019s in our own DNA that we\u2019re going to explore. \u2026 We can\u2019t get rid of that. I think it\u2019s with us, it\u2019s why we opened up the American West and didn\u2019t stop at the East Coast, pushed the frontier. So this is pushing the frontier to a new level.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><em>Podcast editing and production by Todd Bishop.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Flight directors are on duty at NASA\u2019s Mission Control Center during the Apollo 10 mission in May 1969. Gerry Griffin is seated in the foreground, Glynn Lunney is seated to his right, and Milt Windler is standing behind them. Chris Kraft, director of flight operations, is standing in the background. (NASA Photo) [Editor\u2019s Note: This [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[1651,1758,4977,4978,190,4979,21,4029],"class_list":["post-17991","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news","tag-apollo","tag-apollo-11","tag-gerry-griffin","tag-milt-windler","tag-nasa","tag-poppy-northcutt","tag-space","tag-space-history"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17991"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17991"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17991\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17991"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17991"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17991"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}