{"id":18333,"date":"2018-10-03T18:15:08","date_gmt":"2018-10-03T10:15:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp-productionenv-bjg9h2g2bgg5b8aa.southeastasia-01.azurewebsites.net\/news\/hubble-space-telescope-boosts-evidence-for-first-exomoon-seen-circling-alien-planet\/"},"modified":"2018-10-03T18:15:08","modified_gmt":"2018-10-03T10:15:08","slug":"hubble-space-telescope-boosts-evidence-for-first-exomoon-seen-circling-alien-planet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/news\/hubble-space-telescope-boosts-evidence-for-first-exomoon-seen-circling-alien-planet\/","title":{"rendered":"Hubble Space Telescope boosts evidence for first exomoon seen circling alien planet"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_452293\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-452293\" style=\"width: 630px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full-width wp-image-452293\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.geekwire.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/181003-exomoon-630x354.jpg\" alt=\"Exoplanet and exomoon\" width=\"630\" height=\"354\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.geekwire.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/181003-exomoon-630x354.jpg 630w, https:\/\/cdn.geekwire.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/181003-exomoon-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cdn.geekwire.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/181003-exomoon-1260x709.jpg 1260w, https:\/\/cdn.geekwire.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/181003-exomoon.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 630px) 100vw, 630px\"><figcaption data-nosnippet=\"\" id=\"caption-attachment-452293\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">An artist\u2019s impression shows the Jupiter-sized exoplanet Kepler-1625b transiting its parent star with the Neptune-sized candidate exomoon in tow. (Dan Durda Illustration)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>With a lot of help from the Hubble Space Telescope, astronomers now feel confident enough to publish their evidence for the first moon detected in orbit around a planet beyond our solar system.<\/p>\n<p>But they\u2019re still not completely confident.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAt this point, it\u2019s up to us to report what we\u2019re seeing, hand it over to the community and let the community probe it,\u201d said Columbia University astronomer Alex Teachey, one of the authors of a study about the find published in the open-access journal Science Advances. \u201cIf they see what we see, I expect some people will be convinced and other people will be skeptical. And that\u2019s all part of the process.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Reports about the exoplanet and its apparent exomoon have been circulating for more than a year, thanks in part to the Hubble data-gathering campaign. Previous observations from NASA\u2019s Kepler space telescope suggested that the Jupiter-sized planet, known as Kepler-1625b, had a world about the size of Neptune in orbit around it. But there weren\u2019t enough observations to make the case conclusively.<\/p>\n<p>That\u2019s where Hubble was able to help with an extra 40 hours\u2019 worth of observations. Like Kepler, Hubble tracked the faint dimming of light from Kepler-1625, a sunlike star about 8,000 light-years from Earth, as the two worlds passed over the star\u2019s disk. The timing of the dips in the starlight&nbsp;\u2014 sometimes with the smaller world in the lead, and sometimes with it trailing \u2014 could be analyzed to work out the orbital mechanics behind the pair\u2019s motion.<\/p>\n<p>Hubble\u2019s data, along with fine-tuned data from Kepler, strengthened the case for claiming Kepler-1625b had an exomoon.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe\u2019ve tried our best to rule out other possibilities such as spacecraft anomalies, other planets in the system or stellar activity, but we\u2019re unable to find any other single hypothesis which can explain all of the data we have,\u201d Columbia Professor David Kipping, the study\u2019s other author, told reporters during a teleconference in advance of the study\u2019s release.<\/p>\n<p><iframe title=\"EXOMOON SPECIAL | The Nature of our Exomoon Candidate\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/vlcc2MdYaik?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen=\"\" data-ratio=\"0.5625\" data-width=\"800\" data-height=\"450\" style=\"display: block; margin: 0px; width: 800px; height: 450px;\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>The data suggest that the exomoon orbits Kepler-1625b at a distance of about 2 million miles (3 million kilometers), Teachey said. The two worlds together are in an orbit around their parent star that\u2019s similar to Earth\u2019s orbit around the sun. Based on computer modeling, the surface temperature on both the alien planet and the moon would be on the order of 175 degrees Fahrenheit (80 degrees Celsius), Kipping said.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThat\u2019s on the very outer edge of what you\u2019d call habitable,\u201d he said. \u201cTo be honest, we never really worried too much about habitability, just because they\u2019re both gas giants.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Even though gas giants aren\u2019t typically considered hospitable to life, it\u2019s hard to resist comparing the pair to exoplanets and exomoons in the movies, such as Polyphemus and Pandora in \u201cAvatar.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI\u2019m partial to Endor myself,\u201d Teachey joked. \u201cI\u2019m more of a \u2018Star Wars\u2019 fan.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The big mystery is how one gas giant could be in orbit around another. Such a scenario is unlike anything that\u2019s seen in our own solar system, of course, and it doesn\u2019t fit any of the standard theories for moon formation. That\u2019s a big reason for the astronomers\u2019 tentativeness about their claims.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt\u2019s the unknown unknowns which are ultimately uncharacterizable,\u201d Kipping said. \u201cWe hope to re-observe the star again in the future to verify or reject the exomoon hypothesis.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Those observations could come from another go-round with Hubble, or they could come from NASA\u2019s James Webb Space Telescope, which is due for launch in 2021. \u201cWe\u2019d be very grateful if we had the means to use James Webb, because then we could really clean up,\u201d Kipping said.<\/p>\n<p>Kipping said there\u2019s already another potential planet-moon combination worth looking at. More may well follow.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIf validated, the planet-moon system, a Jupiter with a Neptune-sized moon, would be a remarkable system with unanticipated properties, in many ways<br \/>\nechoing the unexpected discovery of \u2018hot Jupiters\u2019 in the early days of planet hunting,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n<p><em>The study, titled \u201cEvidence for a Large Exomoon Orbiting Kepler-1625b,\u201d is freely available at the Science Advances website.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>An artist\u2019s impression shows the Jupiter-sized exoplanet Kepler-1625b transiting its parent star with the Neptune-sized candidate exomoon in tow. (Dan Durda Illustration) With a lot of help from the Hubble Space Telescope, astronomers now feel confident enough to publish their evidence for the first moon detected in orbit around a planet beyond our solar system. 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