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The CZ-4C is a three-stage launch vehicle that uses storable hypergolic dinitrogen tetroxide and unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine as its oxidizer and fuel, respectively, in all stages. It is roughly comparable to some variants of the American Delta II or Indian PSLV vehicles with regard to lifting capacity to various orbits.<\/p>\n
The CZ-4C and other CZ-2\/3\/4 series boosters trace their ancestry to the Dong Feng-5 ICBM, first tested in the early 1970s. As an ICBM, the DF-5, like the US Air Force\u2019s Titan 2, needed to use storable hypergolic propellants to \u201claunch on warning,\u201d which accounts for the early Chang Zheng boosters\u2019 use of N2O4\/UDMH.<\/p>\n
However, due to the propellant\u2019s toxic nature, these rockets will be phased out in the future, with successor vehicles already flying. A seaside launch site on Hainan Island, the Wenchang Space Launch Site, has also been developed for these successor vehicles, while the CZ-4B at least has experimented with the use of grid fins to control first stage flight paths so they do not drop on populated areas.<\/p>\n
The CZ-4C\u2019s first stage uses four YF-21C engines with a total of 665,800 lbf of thrust, while the second stage uses one YF-22C main engine and four YF-23C vernier engines (for directional control), totaling 166,820 lbf for the main engine and 10,600 lbf for the vernier engines.<\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/0077Nzxhly1h1azk3c3gvj34802tcx6p-scaled.jpg\")
<\/p>\nChang Zheng 4C lifts off from Taiyuan with Daqi-1<\/p>\n
The restartable third stage uses two YF-40A engines totaling 22,670 lbf of thrust. The third stage\u2019s restart capability and larger fairing are the main points of difference between the CZ-4C and the earlier CZ-4B model first flown in 1999.<\/p>\n
The CZ-4C on today\u2019s flight launched Daqi-1 into a sun-synchronous polar orbit, which means that the satellite passes over any given point on the Earth\u2019s surface at the same local mean solar time each day. This allows for consistent lighting angles for each observation.<\/p>\n
The Daqi-1 satellite, also known as the Atmospheric Environment Monitoring Satellite, is developed by the Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology (SAST) and is the first of a new series of Chinese satellites designed to monitor atmospheric gases and pollution.<\/p>\n
This is especially important for China\u2019s efforts to combat its well-known air pollution issues and to regulate its carbon dioxide emissions, as well as to monitor global climate change.<\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/satellite-scaled.jpg\")
<\/p>\nThe Daqi-1 satellite before encapsulation and launch<\/p>\n
Daqi-1 is equipped with the world\u2019s first space-based LIDAR (laser imaging, detection, and ranging) for detecting atmospheric aerosols as well as carbon dioxide. Daqi-1 can also measure nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, ozone, and fine particle pollution.<\/p>\n
The satellite features several instruments capable of LIDAR, high-precision scanning and multi-angle imaging polarimetry, UV hyperspectral atmospheric composition detection, and wide spectral imaging. Active and passive sensing methods are used.<\/p>\n
Daqi-1 is also equipped to communicate with later Daqi-series satellites to coordinate observations. The next satellite in the series, Daqi-2, is planned to conduct high precision greenhouse gas monitoring, and other Daqi satellites will follow.<\/p>\n
Today\u2019s launch is the 416th Chang Zheng series launch and the 11th Chinese launch of 2022. This year will be significant for the Chinese space program on several fronts, with today\u2019s launch of Daqi-1 being a key event for China\u2019s atmospheric pollution monitoring capability.<\/p>\n
(Lead photo: Chang Zheng 4C lifts off from Taiyuan with Daqi-1)<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
A Chang Zheng 4C has launched from Launch Complex 9 (LC-9) at the Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center in China at 2:16 AM local time on April 16 (18:16 UTC on April 15) with the Daqi-1 environmental monitoring satellite. The Chang Zheng 4C (also known as Long March 4C) is a small to medium-sized satellite launch […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[7959,135,8415,8580,1746,1783],"class_list":["post-24644","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news","tag-chang-zheng-4c","tag-china","tag-cz-4c","tag-daqi","tag-long-march-4c","tag-taiyuan"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24644"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24644"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24644\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24644"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24644"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24644"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}