{"id":24654,"date":"2022-04-03T17:46:15","date_gmt":"2022-04-03T09:46:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp-productionenv-bjg9h2g2bgg5b8aa.southeastasia-01.azurewebsites.net\/news\/nasa-working-through-wet-dress-rehearsal-final-major-pre-flight-test-for-moon-rocket\/"},"modified":"2022-04-03T17:46:15","modified_gmt":"2022-04-03T09:46:15","slug":"nasa-working-through-wet-dress-rehearsal-final-major-pre-flight-test-for-moon-rocket","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/news\/nasa-working-through-wet-dress-rehearsal-final-major-pre-flight-test-for-moon-rocket\/","title":{"rendered":"NASA working through wet dress rehearsal, final major pre-flight test for moon rocket"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>With the arrival of SLS and Orion at Pad-B on March 18, engineers and technicians were busy making final preparations for Sunday\u2019s critical last design verification test: the Wet Dress Rehearsal, or WDR.<\/p>\n<p>The test was scrubbed on April 3 before fueling due to an inability to provide positive pressure to the enclosed areas within Mobile Launcher -1 (ML-1) and was rescheduled for April 4 and then scrubbed that day at T-31 minutes 36 seconds due to a stuck gaseous hydrogen vent valve o the 18 meter (160 ft) level of ML-1.<\/p>\n<p>At this time, NASA has not announced when they will try again to fuel the SLS.<\/p>\n<p>The WDR will validate the vehicle\u2019s readiness for flight as well as all elements of the new Mobile Launcher and pad propellant system upgrades for LC-39B\u2019s&nbsp;liquid hydrogen storage and disposal systems \u2014 a multi-year process undertaken by NASA\u2019s Exploration Ground Systems team.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>Wet Dress Rehearsal<\/p>\n<p>The test marks a significant milestone as NASA works towards launching SLS on Artemis 1 and is the first (and last) time Launch Director Charlie Blackwell-Thompson and the launch team have to take an actual SLS through a full-duration countdown ending just before the start of the Core Stage engine ignition.<\/p>\n<p>The final part of the wet dress countdown will see the launch team pick up the terminal count at T-10 minutes with a plan to count to T-90 seconds and then hold for three minutes to verify the vehicle\u2019s hold capability constraints that exist after the T-6 minute mark in the countdown.<\/p>\n<p>Spaceflight news subscription<path d=\"M7.59009 18.59L9.00009 20L17.0001 12L9.00009 4L7.59009 5.41L14.1701 12\" style=\"animation: initial !important; 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visibility: visible; width: 550px; height: 321px; display: block; flex-grow: 1;\" title=\"X Post\" src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/embed\/Tweet.html?creatorScreenName=NASASpaceflight&amp;dnt=true&amp;embedId=twitter-widget-1&amp;features=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%3D%3D&amp;frame=false&amp;hideCard=false&amp;hideThread=false&amp;id=1511086165004361729&amp;lang=en&amp;origin=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasaspaceflight.com%2F2022%2F04%2Fsls-wet-dress-rehearsal%2F&amp;sessionId=1956848fcfb2d15b4ff88fd33b1b1656229b25d4&amp;siteScreenName=NASASpaceflight&amp;theme=light&amp;widgetsVersion=6a3ad42b224df%3A1778106238597&amp;width=550px\" data-gtm-yt-inspected-14=\"true\" data-gtm-yt-inspected-21=\"true\" data-tweet-id=\"1511086165004361729\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>This is the point where the ground computers would hand off control to SLS\u2019s onboard computers.<\/p>\n<p>Here, the count will be stopped and recycled to T-10 minutes to allow the launch team the ability to practice these procedures with the fully fueled rocket.<\/p>\n<p>After recycling to T-10 minutes, the terminal count will begin again and proceed down to T-9.34 seconds \u2014 just a few hundredths of a second prior to the start of the start sequence of the RS-25 engines on the Core Stage.<\/p>\n<p>The goal for the team with this second run is to take the count as far as possible without starting the engines.<\/p>\n<p>At this time, a hold will be called, with teams first recycling to T-10 minutes and then officially \u201cscrubbing\u201d the count.<\/p>\n<p>Propellants will then be drained from the Core Stage and ICPS and the Wet Dress Rehearsal concluded \u2014 barring any unforeseen issues identified during the test.<\/p>\n<p><iframe id=\"twitter-widget-2\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" allowtransparency=\"true\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" class=\"\" style=\"position: static; visibility: visible; width: 550px; height: 321px; display: block; flex-grow: 1;\" title=\"X Post\" src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/embed\/Tweet.html?creatorScreenName=NASASpaceflight&amp;dnt=true&amp;embedId=twitter-widget-2&amp;features=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%3D%3D&amp;frame=false&amp;hideCard=false&amp;hideThread=false&amp;id=1510583474595450884&amp;lang=en&amp;origin=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasaspaceflight.com%2F2022%2F04%2Fsls-wet-dress-rehearsal%2F&amp;sessionId=1956848fcfb2d15b4ff88fd33b1b1656229b25d4&amp;siteScreenName=NASASpaceflight&amp;theme=light&amp;widgetsVersion=6a3ad42b224df%3A1778106238597&amp;width=550px\" data-gtm-yt-inspected-14=\"true\" data-gtm-yt-inspected-21=\"true\" data-tweet-id=\"1510583474595450884\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>NASA will then analyze all the data from the test, and if all is found to be good, the agency may be ready to discuss a launch target for SLS during a scheduled press conference on the day after the wet dress is concluded.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Current schedules show a no earlier than possible launch date for Artemis 1 of June 2022.<\/p>\n<p>Pad-B\u2019s liquid hydrogen readiness for SLS<\/p>\n<p>While the entire 45-hour 40-minute SLS countdown has been undertaken for the WDR, the most serious part of the test is the complete fueling of the rocket\u2019s Core Stage and Interim Cryogenic Propulsion Stage (ICPS) \u2014 a modified Delta Cryogenic Second Stage from United Launch Alliance (ULA) \u2014 with liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen.<\/p>\n<p>While liquid hydrogen (LH2) was used at LC-39B for the Saturn family of rockets and the Space Shuttles, the amount of liquid hydrogen and how it is used differs from the previous two programs, and significant work was needed for Pad-B\u2019s fueling systems to accommodate the SLS.<\/p>\n<p>Originally built in the 1960s, LC-39B\u2019s LH2 storage sphere is capable of holding 850,000 gallons of propellant. But from the beginning, there was a problem: the tank was losing more LH2 per day then design specifications.<\/p>\n<p>By the end of the Shuttle program, it was losing 1,200 gallons of LH2 to boil-off a day.<\/p>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-85310\" class=\"size-full wp-image-85310\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/i-pf6SQ8S-X5.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/i-pf6SQ8S-X5.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/i-pf6SQ8S-X5-350x233.jpg 350w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/i-pf6SQ8S-X5-525x350.jpg 525w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/i-pf6SQ8S-X5-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/i-pf6SQ8S-X5-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/i-pf6SQ8S-X5-1170x780.jpg 1170w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/i-pf6SQ8S-X5-585x390.jpg 585w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/i-pf6SQ8S-X5-263x175.jpg 263w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\"><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-85310\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">SLS on LC-39B for its Wet Dress Rehearsal. The pad\u2019s original 850,000-gallon liquid hydrogen storage sphere can be seen to the left. (Credit: Nathan Barker for NSF)<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI happen to be the guy who found the void back in 2003, and it had been a problem with that storage tank from the beginning, from the start with Apollo,\u201d said Mark Berg of NASA\u2019s Cryogenic Propulsion Branch in an interview with NASASpaceflight.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"widget-title penci-border-arrow\">See Also<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Artemis 1 Updates<\/li>\n<li>SLS Forum Section<\/li>\n<li>L2 SLS Section<\/li>\n<li>Click here to Join L2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The void referenced was the ultimate cause of the excessive LH2 evaporation in the tank \u2014 which was supposed to only lose 640 gallons of LH2 a day per design. &nbsp;For comparison, Pad-A\u2019s LH2 tank averaged just 317 gallons of LH2 lost per day over its entire 60-year careeer.<\/p>\n<p>The excessive loss on Pad-B\u2019s tank coupled with the \u201cnormal loss\u201d of LH2 to boil-off in the storage spheres and the amount loss during replenishment of the storage tanks and launch fueling operations resulted in nearly half the total LH2 purchased for the Shuttle program being lost to evaporation across both the Pad-B and Pad-A systems and tanks.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Over the entire life of the Shuttle program, 91,749,760 gallons of LH2 were purchased, of which 50,106,880 gallons (54.6% of the total purchased) flew with the vehicles while 41,642,880 gallons were lost to evaporation from both tanks at Pad-A and Pad-B.<\/p>\n<p>The cause of the excessive evaporation from the Pad-B tank \u2014 which was not seen on the Pad-A tank \u2014 found by Mr. Berg ultimately related to a perlite bulk-fill insulation void in the storage sphere.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-85311\" class=\"size-full wp-image-85311\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-02-at-17.47.52.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"2642\" height=\"1294\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-02-at-17.47.52.png 2642w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-02-at-17.47.52-350x171.png 350w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-02-at-17.47.52-630x309.png 630w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-02-at-17.47.52-768x376.png 768w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-02-at-17.47.52-1920x940.png 1920w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-02-at-17.47.52-1170x573.png 1170w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2642px) 100vw, 2642px\"><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-85311\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Liquid hydrogen use v. loss during the Shuttle program.<\/p>\n<p>(Image credit: \u201cNASA Experience with Large Scale Liquid Hydrogen\u201d presentation at the&nbsp;Hydrogen Liquefaction and Storage Symposium, University of Western Australia, September 26, 2019.&nbsp;Presented by William Notardonato NASA KSC)<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI did some work with an IR camera, and we did ultimately find, when we took the tank out of service [after the end of the Shuttle Program], that there was a large void there.&nbsp;And so we replenished that missing perlite.\u201d&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>With the perlite issue fixed, the original LH2 tank at Pad-B was put back into service \u2014 after other refurbishment work \u2014 with a new loss rate of less than 640 gallons a day, better than the original estimates from 60 years ago when it was first designed and built.<\/p>\n<p>But the storage of LH2 and how much was being lost per day to storage boil-off wasn\u2019t the only item with the pad\u2019s LH2 systems that needed upgrading and reconfiguring for SLS.<\/p>\n<p>In the Shuttle program, a small amount of LH2 pumped into the vehicle was fed into the Space Shuttle Main Engines (RS-25s) to help properly condition them for ignition.<\/p>\n<p>This LH2 was then recirculated back into the External Tank for fuel for the engines.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-85307\" class=\"size-full wp-image-85307\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Y1A8480-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Y1A8480-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Y1A8480-350x233.jpg 350w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Y1A8480-525x350.jpg 525w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Y1A8480-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Y1A8480-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Y1A8480-1170x780.jpg 1170w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Y1A8480-585x390.jpg 585w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Y1A8480-263x175.jpg 263w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\"><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-85307\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">To the left, the Tail Service Masts (TSMs) reach out to the bottom of the Core Stage. The TSMs will fuel the stage with LH2 and liquid oxygen. Seen here, the LH2 TSM is visible while the LOX TSM is perfectly hidden behind it. Both commodity TSMs connect to the same side of the Core Stage. (Credit: Nathan Barker for NSF L2)<\/p>\n<p>For SLS, this recirculation ability has been removed to save mass and reduce complexity, so the LH2 that will be fed to the four RS-25 engines of the Core Stage to condition them during the countdown will now need to be safely drained away from the rocket in its liquid form.<\/p>\n<p>This is different from how LH2 in the Core Stage will boil off into a gas and then be vented away from the SLS in secure transfer lines that will move the gas to the hydrogen flare stack where it will be safely burned off.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The LH2 that can\u2019t be pumped back into the Core Stage also can\u2019t be sent directly to the flare stack \u2014 which can only handle gaseous hydrogen.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>To solve the issue of how to safely dispose of the liquid hydrogen after its fed through SLS\u2019s engines, NASA added a 60,000-gallon liquid hydrogen separator tank to the overall hydrogen disposal system.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><iframe id=\"twitter-widget-3\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" allowtransparency=\"true\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" class=\"\" style=\"position: static; visibility: visible; width: 550px; height: 673px; display: block; flex-grow: 1;\" title=\"X Post\" src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/embed\/Tweet.html?creatorScreenName=NASASpaceflight&amp;dnt=true&amp;embedId=twitter-widget-3&amp;features=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%3D%3D&amp;frame=false&amp;hideCard=false&amp;hideThread=false&amp;id=1510245271606857739&amp;lang=en&amp;origin=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasaspaceflight.com%2F2022%2F04%2Fsls-wet-dress-rehearsal%2F&amp;sessionId=1956848fcfb2d15b4ff88fd33b1b1656229b25d4&amp;siteScreenName=NASASpaceflight&amp;theme=light&amp;widgetsVersion=6a3ad42b224df%3A1778106238597&amp;width=550px\" data-gtm-yt-inspected-14=\"true\" data-gtm-yt-inspected-21=\"true\" data-tweet-id=\"1510245271606857739\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe have a different process than what we used for Shuttle,\u201d said Mr. Berg. \u201cAnd as a result, we will have more hydrogen than we will need to dispose of through the flare stack, and the separator helps with that process.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe\u2019ll have a lot more hydrogen that will be obviously not going into the propellant tanks. It\u2019s going to have to be disposed of, and we cannot send liquid directly to the flare stack based on a specification it has. We can only send gaseous hydrogen up to a specified rate.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSo the separator allows for that; it allows the liquid hydrogen to pool inside of there and then as it boils off in the separator, it can proceed on to the flare stack.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>And this adds to an issue surrounding the original LH2 tank and fueling systems at Pad-B: the 850,000-gallon tank is, in general, not large enough to support a 24-hour turnaround between launch attempts for SLS.<\/p>\n<p>This is because the amount of hydrogen lost during a full fueling and countdown does not leave enough LH2 for a second full attempt the next day.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-85314\" class=\"size-full wp-image-85314\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/i-qw6Ds97-X5.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/i-qw6Ds97-X5.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/i-qw6Ds97-X5-350x233.jpg 350w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/i-qw6Ds97-X5-525x350.jpg 525w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/i-qw6Ds97-X5-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/i-qw6Ds97-X5-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/i-qw6Ds97-X5-1170x780.jpg 1170w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/i-qw6Ds97-X5-585x390.jpg 585w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/i-qw6Ds97-X5-263x175.jpg 263w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\"><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-85314\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The two LH2 storage spheres at LC-39B. The new 1.25 million gallon tank is on the right while the original 850,000 gallon tank is on the left. (Credit: Nathan Barker for NSF)<\/p>\n<p>Instead, NASA will have to replenish the LH2 lost during a fueling attempt before trying again \u2014 though this is somewhat dependent on when, after fueling begins, a launch attempt is scrubbed.<\/p>\n<p>The replenishment plan for re-filling the LH2 tank will involve bringing LH2 already stored at ULA\u2019s SLC-37B pad on the Cape Canaveral Space Force Station where the Delta IV Heavy is launched.<\/p>\n<p>The LH2 that will be brought from ULA\u2019s storage area is propellant NASA has purchased and made an agreement with ULA to store in their tank.<\/p>\n<p>To solve this LH2 capacity issue going forward, NASA is in the process of constructing a larger, 1.25 million gallon LH2 tank at Pad-B \u2014 47% larger by usable volume than the original tank \u2014 that will work together with the existing 850,000-gallon tank.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt\u2019s very far along, and we\u2019re pulling the vacuum on the tank,\u201d said Mr. Berg. \u201cThere\u2019s a bit more electrical work that needs to be done for the infrastructure that goes along with the tank. We need to have the new vaporizers installed. And ultimately we\u2019re going to need to tie in the transfer line to the existing transfer line.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-85312\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-02-at-17.57.03.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"2634\" height=\"1294\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-02-at-17.57.03.png 2634w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-02-at-17.57.03-350x172.png 350w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-02-at-17.57.03-630x309.png 630w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-02-at-17.57.03-768x377.png 768w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-02-at-17.57.03-1920x943.png 1920w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-02-at-17.57.03-1170x575.png 1170w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2634px) 100vw, 2634px\">(Image credit: \u201cNASA Experience with Large Scale Liquid Hydrogen\u201d presentation at the&nbsp;Hydrogen Liquefaction and Storage Symposium, University of Western Australia, September 26, 2019.&nbsp;Presented by William Notardonato NASA KSC)<\/p>\n<p>\u201cBut that will be something that will have to wait until after the Artemis 1 launch.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>While the new tank won\u2019t be ready in time for Artemis 1, it will greatly aid SLS launch opportunities for Artemis 2 and beyond.<\/p>\n<p>In all, the amount of LH2 that will be handled during an SLS countdown and for the Artemis Program, in general, is greater than during Shuttle and Apollo operations. But the safety and mitigation strategies in place are largely the same.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>As Mr. Berg explained, \u201cWe\u2019ll have the same types of mitigations. We\u2019ve got an excellent hazardous gas detection system. And with hydrogen, we try to limit the number of locations where there\u2019d be like a flange, any kind of mechanical joint like that.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cBut anywhere we do have that, we do have a very good hazardous gas detection system.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-85306\" class=\"size-full wp-image-85306\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Y1A8097-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1708\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Y1A8097-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Y1A8097-350x233.jpg 350w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Y1A8097-525x350.jpg 525w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Y1A8097-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Y1A8097-1920x1281.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Y1A8097-1170x780.jpg 1170w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Y1A8097-585x390.jpg 585w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Y1A8097-263x175.jpg 263w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\"><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-85306\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The three human orbital launch pads in the United States. Left to right: ULA\u2019s SLC-41 for Atlas V\/Starliner, SpaceX\u2019s LC-39A for Falcon 9\/Dragon, and NASA\u2019s LC-39B for SLS\/Orion. (Credit: Nathan Barker for NSF)<\/p>\n<p>These systems will help the launch team ensure that hydrogen isn\u2019t leaking out into the ambient atmosphere around the rocket and launch pad.<\/p>\n<p>Overall, the Wet Dress Rehearsal will be the first time since December 9, 2006, that the pad\u2019s LH2 systems have been used to fuel a rocket, though the system remained fully operational through May 2009 when it would have been needed to launch Shuttle Endeavour on a rescue mission for Atlantis\u2019 STS-125 Hubble crew.<\/p>\n<p>The upgraded LH2 systems were last tested with the Mobile Launcher \u2014 but not with a rocket \u2014 in 2019.<\/p>\n<p><em>(Lead image: SLS on LC-39B shortly after the start of Wet Dress Rehearsal countdown operations on April 1, 2022. Credit: Nathan Barker for NSF)<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>With the arrival of SLS and Orion at Pad-B on March 18, engineers and technicians were busy making final preparations for Sunday\u2019s critical last design verification test: the Wet Dress Rehearsal, or WDR. The test was scrubbed on April 3 before fueling due to an inability to provide positive pressure to the enclosed areas within [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[1700,1336,2222,8558,190,2363,8184,363,3620,825],"class_list":["post-24654","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news","tag-artemis-1","tag-core-stage","tag-icps","tag-liquid-hydrogen","tag-nasa","tag-rs-25","tag-sls-orion","tag-ula","tag-wdr","tag-wet-dress-rehearsal"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24654"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24654"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24654\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24654"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24654"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24654"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}