{"id":37561,"date":"2020-06-09T01:34:54","date_gmt":"2020-06-08T17:34:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp-productionenv-bjg9h2g2bgg5b8aa.southeastasia-01.azurewebsites.net\/news\/vulcan-on-track-as-ula-eyes-early-2021-test-flight-to-the-moon\/"},"modified":"2020-06-09T01:34:54","modified_gmt":"2020-06-08T17:34:54","slug":"vulcan-on-track-as-ula-eyes-early-2021-test-flight-to-the-moon","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/news\/vulcan-on-track-as-ula-eyes-early-2021-test-flight-to-the-moon\/","title":{"rendered":"Vulcan on track as ULA eyes early-2021 test flight to the Moon"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>United Launch Alliance has announced their Vulcan rocket is progressing towards its maiden launch as soon as early-2021. While an exact launch target isn\u2019t known yet, the mission will use a newly-built Launch Umbilical Tower while sharing Atlas V\u2019s Vertical Integration Facility and SLC-41 launch pad in Florida.<\/p>\n<p>When first announced in 2014 as a \u201cnew booster,\u201d ULA stated that Vulcan\u2019s first flight was targeting 2019. Given an early-2021 target in mid-2020, that is the rocket-world equivalent of \u201cremarkably on-time\u201d.<\/p>\n<p><b>Vulcan\u2019s history:<\/b><\/p>\n<p>The need for Vulcan began in 2014 when Russia annexed the Crimean Peninsula in what was internationally considered an illegal taking of sovereign Ukranian land.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>As part of its response, the United States Congress redirected the U.S. Air Force to stop relying on Russian rocket engines for U.S. launchers. The issue here was that United Launch Alliance\u2019s (ULA\u2019s) workhorse, the Atlas V was \u2014 at the time \u2014 the preferred launch vehicle for NASA\u2019s scientific and U.S. military payloads\u2026 and it used the RD-180, an NPO Energomash \u2014 Russian made \u2014 engine.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><iframe id=\"twitter-widget-1\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" allowtransparency=\"true\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" class=\"\" style=\"position: static; visibility: visible; width: 550px; height: 624px; display: block; flex-grow: 1;\" title=\"X Post\" src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/embed\/Tweet.html?creatorScreenName=mihirneal&amp;dnt=true&amp;embedId=twitter-widget-1&amp;features=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%3D%3D&amp;frame=false&amp;hideCard=false&amp;hideThread=false&amp;id=1263818963689123840&amp;lang=en&amp;origin=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasaspaceflight.com%2F2020%2F06%2Fvulcan-2021-moon-flight%2F&amp;sessionId=78fe6c481ac1a5562a6178a39e8274e620434406&amp;siteScreenName=NASASpaceflight&amp;theme=light&amp;widgetsVersion=6a3ad42b224df%3A1778106238597&amp;width=550px\" data-gtm-yt-inspected-14=\"true\" data-gtm-yt-inspected-21=\"true\" data-tweet-id=\"1263818963689123840\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>After investigating the possibility of outfitting Atlas V with a new engine, it was determined to be easier to design a new rocket while completely building a new first stage engine.<\/p>\n<p>And so the Vulcan rocket was born. It will replace the Delta IV Heavy line in 2024 and will eventually replace the Atlas V at some undetermined point in the future.<\/p>\n<p>NASA mission patches<path d=\"M7.59009 18.59L9.00009 20L17.0001 12L9.00009 4L7.59009 5.41L14.1701 12\" style=\"animation: initial !important; background: initial !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; color: inherit !important; cursor: inherit !important; direction: inherit !important; display: inline !important; fill: currentcolor !important; filter: initial !important; float: none !important; margin: 0px !important; opacity: initial !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: initial !important; padding: 0px !important; stroke: initial !important; transform: initial !important; vertical-align: initial !important; visibility: inherit !important;\"><\/path>Spaceflight history books<path d=\"M7.59009 18.59L9.00009 20L17.0001 12L9.00009 4L7.59009 5.41L14.1701 12\" style=\"animation: initial !important; background: initial !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; color: inherit !important; cursor: inherit !important; direction: inherit !important; display: inline !important; fill: currentcolor !important; filter: initial !important; float: none !important; margin: 0px !important; opacity: initial !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: initial !important; padding: 0px !important; stroke: initial !important; transform: initial !important; vertical-align: initial !important; visibility: inherit !important;\"><\/path>NASA mission updates<path d=\"M7.59009 18.59L9.00009 20L17.0001 12L9.00009 4L7.59009 5.41L14.1701 12\" style=\"animation: initial !important; background: initial !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; color: inherit !important; cursor: inherit !important; direction: inherit !important; display: inline !important; fill: currentcolor !important; filter: initial !important; float: none !important; margin: 0px !important; opacity: initial !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: initial !important; padding: 0px !important; stroke: initial !important; transform: initial !important; vertical-align: initial !important; visibility: inherit !important;\"><\/path>\n<p>     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});<\/p>\n<p><b>How is Vulcan progressing?<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Vulcan is a heavy-lift launch vehicle designed to primarily meet the demands of the United States Space Force\u2019s National Security Space Launch program.<\/p>\n<p>Its first mission, slated for early-2021, will carry Astrobotic\u2019s Peregrine lander to the Moon.<\/p>\n<p>What\u2019s more, Vulcan is one of the three methane-powered rockets under development, including Blue Origin\u2019s New Glenn and SpaceX\u2019s Starship.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><iframe title=\"SpaceX Boca Chica - Launch Pad prepares to receive Starship SN5\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Bs0aIYG675o?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen=\"\" name=\"fitvid0\" data-gtm-yt-inspected-14=\"true\" data-gtm-yt-inspected-21=\"true\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Being much simpler than Atlas V, Vulcan can be assembled in less than 10 months as compared to 14.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Its first stage is powered by Blue Origin\u2019s two BE-4 engines. The second stage, Centaur V, is powered by two Aerojet Rocketdyne RL-10CX engines equipped with nozzle extensions to improve fuel consumption for the heaviest payloads.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"widget-title penci-border-arrow\">See Also<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>VULCAN UPDATES<\/li>\n<li>ULA Section<\/li>\n<li>Future Vehicles Section<\/li>\n<li>Click here to Join L2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Centaur V\u2019s increased capability largely allows ULA to fulfill National Security Space Launch requirements.<\/p>\n<p>To meet the 2021 deadline for flight, ULA teams are working hard to manufacture, test, and certify different elements for the vehicle.<\/p>\n<p>Working in their favor is that most of the technologies for Vulcan have already flown on Atlas and Delta missions \u2014 making Vulcan, in some cases, a heritage rocket.<\/p>\n<p>Moreover, the booster flight hardware for Vulcan\u2019s inaugural flight is almost ready, with Tory Bruno, CEO, and President of ULA, noting that ULA is \u201cmissing no milestones\u201d as Vulcan heads toward its first launch.<\/p>\n<p>The Vulcan first stage Liquid Methane (LNG) and Liquid Oxygen (LOX) tanks have been manufactured in ULA\u2019s rocket factory in Decatur, Alabama, and subjected to many tests, including structural validation and verification, which was done by Dynetics to make sure the tanks are safe and reliable for flight.<\/p>\n<p><iframe id=\"twitter-widget-2\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" allowtransparency=\"true\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" class=\"\" style=\"position: static; visibility: visible; width: 550px; height: 624px; display: block; flex-grow: 1;\" title=\"X Post\" src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/embed\/Tweet.html?creatorScreenName=mihirneal&amp;dnt=true&amp;embedId=twitter-widget-2&amp;features=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%3D%3D&amp;frame=false&amp;hideCard=false&amp;hideThread=false&amp;id=1270357668880953345&amp;lang=en&amp;origin=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasaspaceflight.com%2F2020%2F06%2Fvulcan-2021-moon-flight%2F&amp;sessionId=78fe6c481ac1a5562a6178a39e8274e620434406&amp;siteScreenName=NASASpaceflight&amp;theme=light&amp;widgetsVersion=6a3ad42b224df%3A1778106238597&amp;width=550px\" data-gtm-yt-inspected-14=\"true\" data-gtm-yt-inspected-21=\"true\" data-tweet-id=\"1270357668880953345\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>After passing those tests, the first stage tanks were connected via circumferential friction stir welding, where the domes are welded to tank barrels and, the LOX and LNG tanks, without melting any material.<\/p>\n<p>The heat generated due to friction between the rotating tool and the dome leads to a softened region along the joint line. This mechanically intermixes two pieces of metal, without compromising the mechanical properties of the joint.<\/p>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-66418\" class=\"size-full wp-image-66418\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/NSF-2020-03-12-13-55-38-343.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1262\" height=\"845\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/NSF-2020-03-12-13-55-38-343.jpg 1262w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/NSF-2020-03-12-13-55-38-343-350x234.jpg 350w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/NSF-2020-03-12-13-55-38-343-523x350.jpg 523w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/NSF-2020-03-12-13-55-38-343-768x514.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/NSF-2020-03-12-13-55-38-343-1170x783.jpg 1170w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/NSF-2020-03-12-13-55-38-343-263x175.jpg 263w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1262px) 100vw, 1262px\"><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-66418\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">ULA\u2019s Vulcan rocket at solid rocket booster separation. (Credit: \u2013 Mack Crawford\/NSF L2)<\/p>\n<p>The tanks themselves are made of five, 7000 series anodized Aluminum booster plates with Orthogrid structure, which is much lighter, simpler, and takes half the amount of time to manufacture than the Isogrid used in the Atlas V and Delta IV lines.<\/p>\n<p>Additionally, the thrust structure for the first Vulcan is also complete and undergoing testing. It will transfer over a million pounds of thrust from a pair of BE-4 engines to the rest of the rocket during the booster (Stage 1) phase of flight.<\/p>\n<p>In 2019, Tory Bruno unveiled Vulcan\u2019s new Mobile Launch Platform, which is being assembled at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Vulcan, like Atlas V, will be integrated vertically, as will its payloads \u2014 a major requirement for some National Security Space Launch and National Reconnaissance Office satellites.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The Delta IV also has vertical payload integration. However, the rockets are assembled horizontally and then taken to their Florida and California pads where they\u2019re raised vertically for payload attachment.<\/p>\n<p>For its launch, Vulcan will use the Atlas V pads, Space Launch Complex-41 (SLC-41) in Florida and SLC-3E at Vandenberg Air Force Base, California.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Both pads are being fitted with new LOX, liquid hydrogen, and LNG tanks and a much more effective acoustic water suppression system. The upgraded pad technologies will allow teams to cut the turnaround time between Vulcan launches by one-third that of Atlas V\u2019s turn-around time.<\/p>\n<p>For Vulcan\u2019s upper stage, the Centaur V, Tory Bruno says ULA is currently building full-scale test hardware to conduct numerous tests and certify it for flight.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><iframe id=\"twitter-widget-3\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" allowtransparency=\"true\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" class=\"\" style=\"position: static; visibility: visible; width: 550px; height: 299px; display: block; flex-grow: 1;\" title=\"X Post\" src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/embed\/Tweet.html?creatorScreenName=mihirneal&amp;dnt=true&amp;embedId=twitter-widget-3&amp;features=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%3D%3D&amp;frame=false&amp;hideCard=false&amp;hideThread=false&amp;id=1269012390189977613&amp;lang=en&amp;origin=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasaspaceflight.com%2F2020%2F06%2Fvulcan-2021-moon-flight%2F&amp;sessionId=78fe6c481ac1a5562a6178a39e8274e620434406&amp;siteScreenName=NASASpaceflight&amp;theme=light&amp;widgetsVersion=6a3ad42b224df%3A1778106238597&amp;width=550px\" data-gtm-yt-inspected-14=\"true\" data-gtm-yt-inspected-21=\"true\" data-tweet-id=\"1269012390189977613\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>It is understood that welding of the Centaur V\u2019s common bulkhead (that will separate the hydrogen side of the tank and the liquid oxygen side) test article is complete and testing underway.<\/p>\n<p>Still, little remains in terms of information on how Centaur V is progressing.<\/p>\n<p>Nevertheless, the stage will be a step upgrade from the pre-existing Centaur III (Atlas V) and the planned Advanced Cryogenic Evolved Stage (ACES) for Vulcan by the mid-2020s.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The Centaur V is made out of 0.9 mm (0.035 inch) thick, 300 series stainless steel. Just like the Vulcan booster, Centaur V is 5.5 meters wide.&nbsp; It is also 12.6 meters long and has twice the thrust than Centaur III, which is outfitted with one RL-10C-1 engine (two for Starliner flights).&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The stage\u2019s RL-10CXC engines have an specific impulse (isp) of 453.8 seconds, slightly higher than that of the Atlas V\u2019s Centaur III\u2019s engine \u2014 which ranges from 449.7 to 451 seconds depending on the type of RL-10 it uses.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The RL-10 is a hydrogen-powered, cryogenic rocket engine. It is the best vacuum optimized engine ever developed, having the highest ISP of any other engine in the world.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>This makes it ideal for interplanetary space missions and military payloads with high energy orbits as it can place payloads into extremely precise orbits and trajectories, thereby preserving fuel and extending the mission\u2019s operational life.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Centaur V also uses hydrogen-powered Reaction Control System thrusters instead of the hydrazine ones used in Centaur III.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>What\u2019s more, Vulcan requires a collaboration of many aerospace suppliers, including Blue Origin and Northrop Grumman, for supplying the BE-4 engines and GEM-63XL solid rocket motors, respectively.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-66052\" class=\"size-full wp-image-66052\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/BlueOrigin_NewGlenn_alternate2-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/BlueOrigin_NewGlenn_alternate2-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/BlueOrigin_NewGlenn_alternate2-scaled-350x197.jpg 350w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/BlueOrigin_NewGlenn_alternate2-scaled-622x350.jpg 622w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/BlueOrigin_NewGlenn_alternate2-scaled-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/BlueOrigin_NewGlenn_alternate2-scaled-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/www.nasaspaceflight.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/BlueOrigin_NewGlenn_alternate2-scaled-1170x658.jpg 1170w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\"><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-66052\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">New Glenn, powered by BE-4 engines, ascends to space. (Credit: Blue Origin)<\/p>\n<p>Blue Origin\u2019s BE-4 engine is an oxygen-rich, liquified natural-gas-fueled, staged combustion rocket engine. It is the most powerful liquified natural gas-fueled rocket engine ever developed, with the ability to produce over 2,400 kilo-newtons of thrust at sea level.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>In 2014, ULA and Blue Origin signed an agreement to co-develop the BE-4 and committed to use it on Vulcan. The engine, however, began development in 2011, prior to the agreement with ULA, and by 2015 had completed more than 100 developmental tests, including a preburner and \u201cregeneratively-cooled thrust chamber\u201d test, using multiple full-scale injector elements.<\/p>\n<p>These confirmed the theoretical model predictions of \u201cinjector performance, heat transfer, and combustion stability\u201d and its data was further used to refine the engine.<\/p>\n<p>In 2017, BE-4 was test-fired at 50% thrust for 3 seconds, followed by a 65% design thrust test for 114 seconds in March 2018.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>By February 2019, BE-4 had undergone 1,800 seconds of hot-fire testing on ground test stands, and by August 2019, the engine was undergoing full power tests.<\/p>\n<p>In February 2020, Blue Origin opened a massive factory in Huntsville, Alabama, which will serve as a state-of-the-art engine manufacturing facility to produce BE-4 and BE-3U engines at high production rates.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>United Launch Alliance has announced their Vulcan rocket is progressing towards its maiden launch as soon as early-2021. While an exact launch target isn\u2019t known yet, the mission will use a newly-built Launch Umbilical Tower while sharing Atlas V\u2019s Vertical Integration Facility and SLC-41 launch pad in Florida. When first announced in 2014 as a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":27447,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[7758,509,8296,510,1228,332,363,364],"class_list":["post-37561","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","tag-atlas-v","tag-blue-origin","tag-delta-iv","tag-new-glenn","tag-nssl","tag-space-force","tag-ula","tag-vulcan"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37561"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37561"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37561\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/27447"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37561"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=37561"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/starpath.global\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=37561"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}