In 2025, satellite network launches will continue to accelerate, with more than 100 networked satellites already in orbit. It is expected that the satellite manufacturing industry will usher in a major explosion in 2026. What segments does the entire commercial satellite manufacturing industry include? Which companies can take the lead in satellite Internet construction?
Today we will take stock of: China’s commercial aerospace industry chain map in 2025—satellite manufacturing.
01
Satellite manufacturing industry chain and market size
1. GW State Grid and Qianfan Constellation support the annual manufacturing market of hundreds of billions. On November 10, 2025, the Long March 12 Yao-3 rocket successfully launched 13 groups of satellite Internet low-orbit satellites into predetermined orbits. So far, China Star Network has launched a total of 125 network and test satellites of various types. Among them, 94 networking satellites and 8 test satellites will be launched in 2025. In contrast, the progress of the Qianfan Constellation is unsatisfactory. This year, it has only completed three networking tasks and launched 54 satellites.
Although China Star Network and Yuanxin Satellite are far from their annual constellation networking goals due to factors such as insufficient domestic rocket capacity, the future of China’s commercial satellite manufacturing industry is certain. According to the deployment plan of a total of approximately 28,000 satellites, based on the seven-year lifespan of each satellite, the number of satellites that need to be reissued each year will reach 4,000, which is a proper market scale of hundreds of billions.
2. Detailed explanation of satellite manufacturing industry chain
On the eve of the explosion of the satellite Internet industry, which segments in the industry chain have the highest technical barriers, the greatest added value, and the broadest demand prospects?
Let’s first understand what components are included in the satellite manufacturing industry chain.
According to the upstream and downstream divisions, the satellite manufacturing industry can be divided into seven major upstream systems supporting and downstream whole-satellite design and AIT integration. The satellite payload is the most important part of the satellite and determines its functionality. The existence of other subsystems is to enable the payload to work better, and is collectively referred to as the satellite platform.
There are four main categories of traditional satellites: communication satellites, remote sensing satellites, navigation satellites and scientific experiment satellites. Among commercial applications, low-orbit broadband communication satellites have the greatest demand, with constellations often in the tens of thousands, and at least thousands are needed to achieve “global coverage”; remote sensing satellite applications come second, because the demand for “immediacy” is not as high as the “millisecond-level” delay of communication satellite constellations, and the number of constellations is only about a hundred to meet most commercial service needs.
3. Breakdown of Satellite Manufacturing Costs
Taking communication satellites as an example, the most expensive part of a satellite is the “payload system”. The traditional customized satellite payload and satellite platform costs account for about 50% each. When the satellite is mass-produced, the platform cost can be further diluted to about 30% of the overall cost. For commercial companies, the ideal ratio of satellite platform costs is 20%.
Among the communication loads, the antenna system (including phased array TR components, inter-satellite laser communication terminals, etc.) has the highest cost, accounting for approximately 75% of the load cost, and the transponder system accounts for approximately 25%. Among satellite platforms, the propulsion system accounts for the highest cost, about 40% of the total cost of the satellite platform, followed by the power system 22%, the structural system 12%, the attitude and orbit control system 10%, the measurement and control system 9%, and the thermal control system 7%.
Next, we will introduce the components in each sub-system in detail one by one, as well as the leading companies in this segment.
02
Introduction to segmented tracks and leading companies
1. Payload
1. Spaceborne laser communication terminal. Laser communication terminals are almost the only choice for broadband communication satellite networking. Not only can they achieve transmission speeds of hundreds of Gbps, but their small weight, size, and small divergence angle enable point-to-point transmission. The leading companies include:
Institute of Aerospace Science and Technology 504: A professional manufacturer of satellite payloads and communication antennas affiliated to the Fifth Academy. The patents it has applied for have broken through the “Sun Ling” restrictions in laser communications;
Shanghai Institute of Optics and Mechanics: Affiliated to the Chinese Academy of Sciences, it is the earliest and largest professional laser research institute in China, founded in 1964;
Institute of Aerospace Science and Technology 704: It releases commercial laser communication payloads such as laser/microwave composite inter-satellite links and integrated relay, data transmission, and routing payloads, which can meet the overall various transmission needs of commercial space satellites for space data;
Aurora Skycom: A leading laser communication terminal company in China, in March 2025, it achieved an on-orbit inter-satellite 400Gbps ultra-high-speed laser communication data transmission experiment;
Helium Star Optical Network: There are currently more than 30 laser communication terminals in orbit. The laser communication terminal production line that will be put into operation in Wuxi in 2024 is currently the largest production line of this type in China and can achieve an annual output of about 400 units;
Blue Star Optical Domain: It has realized the full-link self-research of “design-parts-components-terminals”, forming an industrial closed loop in the field of laser communications. In terms of mass production, through the intelligent mass production test base, the annual output of a single product can reach 1,000 sets;
Shanggang Communications: Founded in November 2020, it is one of the suppliers of StarNet laser communication terminal loads;
Huawei: One of the suppliers of StarNet laser communication terminal loads, and the only domestic company that can manufacture laser communication terminal “optical modules”;
Yu Fan Lingguang: Focusing on lasers, amplifiers and other subsystems in laser communication modules, the company is located in Zhangjiang, Pudong, Shanghai, and has completed tens of millions of angel round financing;
FiberHome Communications: One of the suppliers of StarNet laser communication terminal loads, and the only domestic company that can manufacture laser communication terminal “optical modules”.
2. Spaceborne phased array radar antenna. The main function of the spaceborne phased array radar antenna is to realize high-speed communication transmission between satellite and ground. The leading companies include:
Aerospace Huanyu: Founded in 2000, it has participated in many national-level aerospace communications missions in China, including key components of the “Queqiao” relay star;
Jingji Communications: Participated in the construction of all major domestic remote sensing satellites such as Jilin-1 Constellation, Zhuzhou Constellation, and Nuwa Constellation, and completed the first domestic dual-channel X-band 4.2G rate satellite-to-ground communication test with star chart measurement and control;
Chengxing Technology: The first domestic enterprise to realize the full-link independent radio frequency technology of “gateway station-ground terminal-communication load”;
Zhonglei Electric Technology: With phased array smart radar antennas, 5G antennas, and communication radio frequency components as its core products, its business covers satellite technology application system integration, integrated circuit design, and software development;
The final frontier: Aiming at the demand pain points of constellation operators and manufacturers, it has advanced technical strength and strong market competitiveness in products such as ultra-thin tile phased array antennas and satellite communication ultra-high-band (Ka, Q/V) radio frequency chips;
Zhongke Xingchen: specializes in the research and development of low-orbit constellation phased array antennas and modem systems, and won the bid for the Shanghai Yuanxin application terminal equipment procurement project.
3. Satellite-borne 5G base station. Satellite-borne base stations, also known as satellite-borne routers, are the core load of communication satellites that enable mobile phones to directly connect to satellites. Leading companies include:
Chuangzhi Lianheng: On April 1, 2025, the Long March 2D carrier rocket successfully launched the satellite Internet technology test satellite. The satellite was equipped with Chuangzhi Lianheng’s spaceborne base station products;
Xingyi Lianxin: In November 2022, Xingyi Lianxin’s self-developed satellite base station completed the first data interoperability test of relevant standards in China. In 2023, the company won the bid and delivered the commissioned development project of China Mobile’s satellite base station;
Datang Telecom: A subsidiary of China Information Technology Group, it is one of the suppliers of StarNet satellite routing products.
4. Optical camera load. Optical cameras are divided into visible light cameras, infrared cameras, hyperspectral cameras, etc. according to different detection wavelengths. Leading companies include:
Changguang Satellite: The country’s largest sub-meter-level remote sensing satellite constellation operator. The Jilin-1 Optical A satellite developed by it is the first independently developed high-resolution earth observation optical imaging satellite in China;
Tianfu Gaofeng: Through independent research and development of core remote sensing satellite technologies, the company has achieved technological breakthroughs in satellite lightweight design, high-resolution remote sensing camera technology, and high-speed communication transmission technology;
China Science and Technology Xiguang: Incubated by Xi’an Institute of Optics and Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, it has launched 10 hyperspectral satellites so far;
Guoke Tiancheng: The company is mainly engaged in R&D, production, sales and service in the field of infrared thermal imaging and other optoelectronics;
Jitian Xingzhou: Founded in June 2021, it is the first commercial aerospace company in China to provide optical main payloads in batches as one of its main businesses;
Interstellar Light Remote: Founded in early 2025 by senior remote sensing experts from the Fifth Aerospace Academy, it is headquartered in Dayue Information Technology Park, Haidian, Beijing. With “ultra-high resolution, intelligent multi-modality, and ultra-clear image quality assurance” as its core, it has full-process R&D and production capabilities.
5. SAR radar payload. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is a high-resolution imaging radar that can obtain high-resolution radar images similar to optical photography under extremely low visibility meteorological conditions. It is mainly used for three-dimensional mapping, deformation detection and other directions. The leading companies include:
Zhixing Space: The earliest team in China that focuses on commercial SAR satellites and has space-borne integrated design capabilities. The first SAR satellite “Zhixing-1A” was successfully launched on December 22, 2020, on a Long March 8 rocket in Wenchang, Hainan;
Department 501 of the Fifth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology: The X-band spaceborne phased array SAR payload independently developed by the overall design department of the Fifth Academy has outstanding capabilities in terms of product weight, resolution, working mode, etc. It was successfully launched for the first time on February 3, 2024 aboard the Jielong 3 Yaosan rocket, and completed on-orbit startup and imaging on February 5;
China Electronics Technology Institute 38: China Electronics Technology Institute 38 is the leading unit in domestic radar development. It developed the first domestic commercial SAR satellite “Haisi No. 1”, filling the gap in my country’s commercial SAR satellites;
Qilu Aerospace Information Research Institute: As of August 19, 2025, Qilu Aerospace Information Research Institute has developed and delivered 3 synthetic aperture radar products for domestic and foreign customers such as China Science and Technology Satellite.
2. Satellite structure system
1. Structural panels. The structural system is used to carry various electrical equipment on satellites and requires lightweight and high strength. It usually uses honeycomb panels made of aluminum alloy or carbon fiber or aramid composite materials. Leading companies include:
Aoxing Yabo: A supporting supplier of composite materials and honeycomb core materials in the aerospace field. The satellite structural panels produced by the company are used in satellites such as Star Times-15, Shijian 19, Taijing-101/02 and other satellites;
Platinum: A well-known domestic additive manufacturing company that helps many commercial aerospace companies complete the manufacturing of structural parts, with significant weight reduction effects;
Aisida Aerospace: The launch vehicle fairing components, satellite components, drone products, and rail transit lightweight components developed by the company have passed many tests and verifications, and some products have entered the mass production stage.
2. Expand, unlock, and point to the mechanism. Used for folding and unfolding larger solar wings or antennas on satellites. Leading companies include:
Microspace: The first commercial aerospace company in China to develop and manufacture satellite solar panel drive mechanisms, providing solar panel drive devices for the 10 satellites on the first satellite mission;
Xiangyu Xingchen: The main products include: SADA, space pointing mechanism, space driving mechanism, etc. Customers include Galaxy Aerospace, Micro-Nano Starry Sky, Shanghai Shangxing, etc.;
Differential Aerospace: The company has participated in 87 space missions, and a total of 189 sets of solar wings and antenna unlocking and deployment mechanisms have successfully performed on-orbit missions, with a success rate of 100%.
3. Propulsion system
Hall thruster. With its advantages of high specific impulse and small structural weight, electric thrusters can effectively reduce the weight of satellites and increase their lifespan. Usually used as a daily elevated orbit, it is currently the best choice for low-orbit communication satellite networking and has broad market prospects in the future. The leading companies include:
Institute of Aerospace Science and Technology 502: Institute 502 is one of the earliest units engaged in satellite development in my country, and it is in a leading position in the field of domestic space vehicle control;
Institute of Aerospace Science and Technology 510: Institute 510 has delivered nearly 150 sets of low-power Hall electric propulsion products in the commercial aerospace field;
Aotian Technology: Founded in June 2018, it is one of the earliest electric propulsion companies in China. The company’s first on-orbit application of the krypton refrigerant Hall thruster was launched on the Taijing 4-03 and Taijing-3 02 satellites on January 23, 2024;
Yidong Aerospace: The EHPS-400 Hall electric propulsion system developed by it has completed on-orbit tests using xenon, krypton, and argon ignition;
Nafty Satellite Power: Department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, taking the “iodine working substance” route. In February 2022, it delivered the world’s largest iodine refrigerant electric thruster into orbit, and is also a “qualified supplier” of the Qianfan Constellation;
Weiyi Plasma: Qianfan Constellation electric propulsion supplier;
StarNet Power: a manufacturing enterprise focusing on the field of commercial aerospace electric propulsion, mainly engaged in “satellite power system R&D and manufacturing”, incubated by Harbin Institute of Technology;
Star Space: Founder Pan Hailin was the director of the Propulsion System R&D Center of the 502 Institute of Aerospace Science and Technology, and presided over the development of the low-power Hall electric propulsion system that successfully tested my country’s first on-orbit test.
4. Power supply subsystem
1. Solar wing. Solar wings can be divided into three types: rigid, semi-rigid and flexible according to the substrate material. The flexible solar wings are thin in thickness, small in mass and suitable for folding for launch. They are currently the optimal solution for satellite Internet constellation networking satellites. Leading companies include:
805 Institute of the Eighth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology: It has rigid, semi-rigid and flexible solar wing design and production capabilities. The large-area deployable flexible wing of my country’s space station originated from this team;
The Overall Design Department of the Fifth Institute of Aerospace Science and Technology: It has built the first fully independent and controllable solar wing intelligent production line in China, with an annual production capacity of 400 sets of solar wings. More than 60 sets of the production line products have been successfully flown in orbit;
Aerospace Kinetic Energy: The company is mainly engaged in the production of silicon-based solar wings and has entered the star network supplier whitelist;
Shanghai Shangxing: On September 6, 2025, its independently developed high-stiffness three-dimensional truss-type flexible solar wing was perfectly deployed in orbit again, and will have an annual production capacity of 200 units by the end of the year.
2. Power system integration. The power subsystem is mainly to ensure that each system has sufficient energy and appropriate voltage to operate normally. It mainly includes solar wings and power controllers, lithium batteries, etc. Leading companies include:
Fuchang Space: the first private enterprise in the aerospace satellite power system industry in China, it has carried out more than 70 launch missions and achieved more than 310 satellites in orbit with supporting products;
CETC Blue Sky: A subsidiary company of CETC 18, which once provided flexible solar wings for Galaxy Aerospace;
Dehua Chip: Participated in key national projects such as Mars exploration and the Chang’e Project, 30% efficiency space epitaxial wafer products have been used in more than ten satellites in orbit, and 32% efficiency products have been used in Pakistan’s scientific experimental satellites;
Fuxi Xingkong: Provided energy systems for the Eros orbit test platform, serving a total of 12 customers and 48 sets of on-orbit products.
5. Thermal control system
The main responsibility of the thermal control system is to control the overall temperature of the satellite under extreme space temperature conditions to ensure that the payload, power supply and other systems can work normally. Leading companies include:
Hot Number Technology: Company members have participated in the design and analysis of thermal control systems for 20 satellites, serving more than 50 customers, including Galaxy Aerospace, Micro-Nano Starry Sky, Gerth Aerospace, Changguang Satellite, etc.;
Microenthalpy Technology: Founded in 2017, it is China’s first private commercial aerospace thermal control system supplier;
Deep orbit changes: Qianfan constellation thermal control system supplier;
Ruilai Thermal Control: one of the private enterprises with aerospace-grade fluid circuit technology and the core supplier of Zhongke Tiansuan;
Xinghui Aerospace: a supplier of passive thermal control materials and passive thermal control systems, has completed the first round of 55 million yuan in financing;
Genman Technology: Provides various thermal control products and services for aerospace. So far, it has provided thermal control subsystem products for more than 100 satellites.
6. Attitude and Orbit Control System
The attitude-orbit subsystem is mainly used to adjust the angle and attitude of the satellite to the ground, and can help the satellite achieve functions such as solar panel orientation and precise pointing to the ground. The main components are divided into two categories: attitude measurement components and attitude control components.
1. Attitude measurement components. Including star sensors, sun sensors, earth sensors, etc. The leading companies include: Tianyin Electromechanical: So far, more than 700 Tianyin interstellar star sensor products have been successfully operated in orbit; Aismin Technology: The company’s products include laser fast reflectors and star sensors, and it has signed a hundred-set batch supply agreement with the leading domestic commercial satellite company; Zhongke New Roentgen: Provided two MEMS digital solar sensors for the “Chinese Academy of Sciences Innovation Satellite No. 16”. 2. Attitude control components. Including reaction force flywheel, magnetic torque device, etc. The leading companies include: Lanyue Electromechanical: Provides products and services to more than 60 domestic satellite units and nearly 10 universities, and has established comprehensive satellite reaction flywheel and attitude control component product matching and in-depth technical cooperation relationships with users. The domestic market segment user coverage has exceeded 70%; Guoke Hangsheng: Provides commercial aerospace with the research and development and industrialization of cost-effective space products with high reliability, long life, and low cost. The company is registered in the Huairou Science City Innovation Center.
7. Digital measurement and control system
The on-board components of data transmission and measurement and control are basically the same, and the measurement and control system and data are usually integrated. The leading companies include: Aerospace Electronics: a high-tech listed company under the Aerospace Science and Technology Group engaged in aerospace electronic measurement and control. It has developed strong technical development capabilities and rich production experience in the fields of rockets, satellites, spacecrafts and ground receiving equipment; Xunlian Technology: a high-tech enterprise specializing in the research and development, production and sales of electronic equipment in the field of Beidou navigation and measurement and control communications. As of September 9, 2025, the cumulative number of satellite-borne products operating in orbit has reached 600 sets, and the cumulative number of service satellites is 323; Measurement and Control of University of Technology: Mainly oriented to the fields of equipment manufacturing, aerospace, industrial intelligence, and instrumentation manufacturing, it has established long-term cooperative relationships with Aerospace Science and Industry, Aerospace Science and Technology, AVIC, COMAC, NPU Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Institute, Ordnance Group, Chinese Academy of Sciences and other units; Shijiazhuang Ruichuang Electronics: Currently, the delivery of full-satellite user products involves more than 100 satellites, and more than 50 supporting satellites have been sent to orbit; Sibeitu: Sibeitu’s core technical team has been deeply involved in the aerospace field for more than 20 years. More than 650 sets of single-machine products have been operated in orbit, with a cumulative working time of more than 1,000 years. The orbital altitude covers 250~36,000KM, and it maintains a record of zero failure in on-orbit operation.
03
Leading company in satellite overall and testing fields
Satellite companies generally participate in the entire process of satellite design and AIT manufacturing. However, in the early stages of industry development, there are many start-up companies that are engaged in design, final assembly, testing and other links due to insufficient personnel and limited funds, and participate in the industry chain of satellite company services.
1. Overall satellite enterprise. As the core link of aerospace system engineering, satellite overall design focuses on the top-level architecture planning and technical indicator integration of the satellite system. Leading companies include:
“national team”:
Communications and Navigation Satellite General Department of the Fifth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology: GW State Grid Constellation Satellite Design Unit. Among all the network satellites launched by this constellation, 62 are from the Communications and Navigation Satellite General Department of the Fifth Academy;
Remote Sensing Satellite General Department of the Fifth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology: the leading design unit of high-resolution remote sensing satellites in China;
Space Engineering General Department of the Second Academy of Aerospace Science and Industry: The core overall unit of the Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation in the field of space engineering, focusing on satellite R&D, manufacturing and application;
Aerospace Dongfanghong: Focusing on the development and launch of small satellites, it has successfully launched more than 180 satellites, covering remote sensing, ocean observation and other fields, and participated in lunar exploration projects;
Shanghai Microsatellite Engineering Center: the main satellite supplier for GW State Grid and Qianfan Constellation;
China Commercial Star: The second core subsidiary established by China Aerospace Science and Technology Group Co., Ltd. to focus on commercial aerospace. It shoulders the important mission of promoting the development of my country’s commercial satellite industry.
Private satellite companies:
Changguang Satellite: China’s first commercial remote sensing satellite company has built the world’s largest sub-meter commercial remote sensing satellite constellation “Jilin-1”;
Galaxy Aerospace: One of the complete satellite suppliers of the GW State Grid Constellation. In April 2025, the satellite Internet technology test satellite participated in the development of Galaxy Aerospace was successfully launched;
Micro-Nano Star: A leading company in the domestic commercial aerospace field, it has launched more than 28 satellites;
NationStar Aerospace: The “Star Computing” project launched by it aims to build a global coverage space computing network composed of approximately 2,800 computing satellites;
Gongda Satellite: The company has successfully completed 10 launch missions, covering a total of 24 satellites in the fields of communications, navigation, remote sensing, and deep space;
Blue Arrow Hongqing: Incubated by Blue Arrow Aerospace, its headquarters is located in the Science and Technology Innovation Center of Xiongan New Area Startup Zone. The “Xiong’an-1” technology verification satellite will be offline in October 2025;
Spacetime Daoyu: The “Geely Constellation” operated and constructed by it has completed the launch of the first phase of 72 satellites;
Zhongke Xiguang: It is promoting the construction of the “Xiguang Series” hyperspectral remote sensing satellite constellation and plans to achieve a network of 158 satellites by 2030.
2. Satellite AIT. Satellite AIT is the abbreviation of Assembly, Integration and Test, which are key steps to ensure satellite quality and performance. Leading companies include:
General Assembly and Environmental Engineering Department of the Fifth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology: Tianjin AIT Center of the Fifth Academy, with a total construction area of nearly 100,000 square meters, and 15 test systems including the KM8 space environment simulator and the world’s largest thrust electric vibration test system, which can simulate the full spectrum of environmental conditions such as vacuum, cold darkness, and extreme temperatures experienced by spacecraft in space;
Gerth Aerospace: The core supplier of the Qianfan constellation, it will assume half of the production capacity of the constellation in the future. The second Gesi Aerospace factory under construction will achieve an annual production capacity of 300 satellites below 500kg upon completion;
Hainan Satellite Super Factory: Located in Wenchang International Space City, it includes a satellite super factory, a test and inspection center and eight single-machine R&D centers, with a total construction area of 60,000 square meters. Upon completion, it will become the largest satellite production base in Asia, with an annual production capacity of 1,000 satellites.
3. Satellite and component testing.
Western Testing: The company has multiple test and testing bases across the country such as Xi’an, Luoyang, Chengdu, Beijing, and Wuhan, and has invested 500 million yuan to build a satellite environment and reliability test center (to be put into use in 2025), which can meet the testing needs of an average of 200 satellites per year;
Nationstar Flying Test: Nationstar Flying Test is a third-party testing service provider established by Cisco Systems in Wenchang Space City, Hainan, aiming to provide comprehensive testing services for rocket industrial parks, satellite super factories and related supporting projects;
Donghua Testing: A leading domestic provider of structural mechanical properties research and electrochemical workstation overall solutions. The test equipment and analysis software produced by it have been used in the mechanical performance tests of many key projects such as the “Beidou Double Star Project”, the “Shenzhou” series of spacecrafts, “Tiangong-1”, “Tianwen-1” and so on;
Zhongke Aerospace Cloud Chain: The zero-gravity laboratory was established in conjunction with the National Space Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. It is mainly engaged in quality assurance of aerospace components and environmental experiments of stand-alone components.
04
Satellite manufacturing development and future prospects
According to data from the China Business Industry Research Institute, the market size of China’s satellite manufacturing industry has increased from 7.8 billion yuan in 2020 to 11.1 billion yuan in 2024, with an average annual compound growth rate of 9.2%, and is expected to reach 13.1 billion yuan in 2025. Despite the attractive prospects, the satellite manufacturing industry has not yet ushered in a stage of rapid development.
One of the core reasons restricting growth is that large-scale demand needs to be released, production capacity utilization is insufficient, and costs are high.
Although we have listed a number of commercial satellite companies above, from the perspective of development stage, whether it is core load, whole satellite or core component companies, they are currently in the transition stage from “on-orbit verification” to “acceleration of mass production”. Regardless of GW State Grid or Qianfan, the current whole-satellite suppliers still have to rely on the Fifth Institute of Aerospace Science and Technology and Shanghai Micro. The business focus of the units within the system is more focused on “protecting the national mission”, and the decision-making process of the marketization process is often lagging behind, so it is unable to drive the development of the entire commercial aerospace industry in a short period of time.
In addition, the lack of domestic large-capacity and low-cost rockets has also resulted in the current situation of “star-level arrows” in the domestic satellite Internet indu
